This paper reviews recent engines and associated technology offering potential low emission two stroke cycleoperationfor a range of applications. The study considers and discusses successfully applied modern production engines togetherwithconcepts exploring advanced possibilities for future application. Published results from research and development projectsanddata from available technology are compared in terms of specific performance. The paper does not compare combustionstrategiesor fluid dynamic aspects of two-stroke cycle engines, but does consider and compare data from engines using crankcase, externaland stepped piston scavenging intended for automotive, marine and defence applications. Keywords: Two stroke cycle engine, stepped piston engine, step piston, external scavenging engines, variable compressionratio,hybrid electric vehicle, direct injection, downsizing, low emissions