Abstract:Municipal SolidWaste Management (MSWM) is the global problem and it has been facing by bothdeveloped and developing countries. Increase in the population has more demandof resource consumption which further generating a large amount of waste. Theunsustainable waste management causing severe hazardous health andenvironmental effects, which are more observe in developing countries i.e.India. In India, municipal solid wasteranges between 0.3-0.6 kg per capita per day and it has been increasingannually at the rate of 1.33 percent per capita per day. There are some gaps inmanaging the solid waste such as inefficient collection of waste is varyingfrom city to city where the door to door collecting is not done and due to thepoor management of the waste, inadequate collection and unsuitable disposal ofwaste; municipal solid waste systems are responsible for the inappropriateMSWM. The pollutant has been generated from the dump sites, the people livingnearby the dumping sites are getting affected by poor water and air quality, toover some from this, approaches such as reduction, recycling, reuse andrecovery. In developing countries, the effective solid management is costly, itneeds an integrated system that is well organized, socially supported andsustainable. From the worldwide perception, present waste management is lack ofapproach, consumption, extraction and recycling. In some countries, an enormousamount of garbage majorly come from the houses where the household experiencinglow service gap and because to lack of adequate manpower and technicalexpertise the capability issues have been developing at the managementsite. Furthermore, suitable methods offinal waste disposal are sanitary landfills. For reducing the environmentalhazardousness, landfill must be well operated, correctly design, sitedcarefully and before the disposal treatment, recovery and recycling must beestablish. In this study, a critically review the approaches, gap and solutionfor municipal solid waste management is discussed. It has concluded from thestudy that with a proper planning and implementation of effective methods ofwaste collection, segregation of waste, its reuse and recycling could help indecreasing risk of the environmental effects of water, air and soil pollution.
Keywords: Municipal solid waste,environmental effects, waste management